RUDIN (1856) by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev (1818-1883) tells the story of a character typical to Turgenev -- a 'superfluous' man, weak of will, brimming with indecisive frustration -- and yet tormented by ideals. Rudin is made impotent by the dissonance of honoring the older generations while at the same time embracing the new bold epoch of pre-revolutionary Russia. The them RUDIN (1856) by Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev (1818-1883) tells the story of a character typical to Turgenev -- a 'superfluous' man, weak of will, brimming with indecisive frustration -- and yet tormented by ideals. Rudin is made impotent by the dissonance of honoring the older generations while at the same time embracing the new bold epoch of pre-revolutionary Russia. The theme of melancholic powerless men coupled with vital idealistic women is prevalent in Turgenev's work, and it would be hard to find a clearer study of the type than RUDIN.
Turgenev was a progressive liberal in his political and social opinions; he distrusted revolutionaries and reactionaries alike and preferred the path of reform to radical change.
I was and remain in love with Turgenev’s short novels of – not ideas, exactly; not morality plays, as I used to try to describe them; at any rate, short novels that hinge on a commitment, a choice, and that emplot the questions of Turgenev’s day, or is it the question? Whether to act. How to act, given that there is wide agreement on the necessity of action and a frustrating lack of scope for it, in intelligentsia circles of Turgenev’s day. They lived under the tsar but read French utopian socia I was and remain in love with Turgenev’s short novels of – not ideas, exactly; not morality plays, as I used to try to describe them; at any rate, short novels that hinge on a commitment, a choice, and that emplot the questions of Turgenev’s day, or is it the question? Whether to act. How to act, given that there is wide agreement on the necessity of action and a frustrating lack of scope for it, in intelligentsia circles of Turgenev’s day. They lived under the tsar but read French utopian socialists.
The nobility had an old ethic of service to the state but their once-steep service obligations had been curtailed, and they were left with the ethic – and no outlet. So the history books tell me.
Also in Russia, there were no dedicated philosophers as in Germany or France, but literary circles took up this task – to respond to philosophy and social questions; so that everybody was a dilettante; so that novelists and literary critics were the ones to conduct the discussions of the day, social-political-philosophical. You end up with novels like Turgenev’s. Not novels of ideas, but engaged as get-out, about engaged people, about the question of engagement. You have young women like Natalya in this, who are often the hinge of the decision in the plot; whose young urgency and seriousness about life I found a rare focus in classic fiction when I was her age. I recommend Turgenev’s novels to girls. Let no-one tell me Turgenev’s novels are ‘essentially love stories’, as I see around, because they are about a girl’s puzzle as to where to vest her life and energies.
This time, Natalya is wasted, as is Rudin, who was too cowardly (my word, and Natalya’s) to take up her earnest offer and act upon his fine words. Rudin speaks wonderfully on the ideals afloat in the day, and fires other people with enthusiasm – this is his saving grace, that those enthusiasms are not always or altogether lost; that people can take a fine speech on with them through life, and in their seedy age, perhaps, recognise its potency in them, in what they have managed to do.
So argues Rudin’s most critical friend, to console a seedy run-down Rudin in his age. He also cites the fact that Rudin has never stayed still, which need not be inability to commit but refusal to commit to the compromises most people do.
We get several views of Rudin, two different verdicts even from this friend who changes his mind. Turgenev has made his main a coward but is quite kind to him, early and late. Rudin is a highly educated, well-brought up man in his 30s living in Russia. He embodies the Superfluous Man popular in Russian literature: a man of high intelligence and ideals with no action.
He is, essentially, all talk and incapable of following through with his thoughts and desires. He is a moocher, living off of the generosity of others.
Linotype fonts torrent. He is taken in by Darya Lasunsky, mother of 17-year-old beauty, Natalya. Rudin befriends Natalya, an equally intelligent young woman, filled with secrets, Rudin is a highly educated, well-brought up man in his 30s living in Russia.